second generation of computer | Advantage and Disadvantages of second generation computers

Hello friends, today we learn about the second generation of computers, features of second-generation computers and the advantages and disadvantages of second-generation computers in it, so let's start.

second generation of computer | Advantage and Disadvantages of second generation computers
second generation of computer | Advantage and Disadvantages of second generation computers
INTRODUCTION-:

The second generation of computer-: with the invention of the transistor by bell laboratories the vacuum tubes are the first generation was replaced by the transistor. The major advantage of the use of a transistor was that the size of the computer has come down as well as power consumption.

The following technical features of these computers of second generation-:

(i) Use of transistor-: Transistors were used in the circuits in place of vacuum tubes.

(ii) Punch card as input/output unit-: The input operations were performed using punched cards and papers were used.

(iii) Tape and disk as secondary storage-: Magnetic tapes and magnetic disk were the main secondary storage media used in the second generation.

(iv) Size-: Size of these computers are smaller than first-generation computers because transistor takes less space than vacuum tubes.

(v) Programming in high-level language-: The high-level language like FORTON, COBOL, BASIC, etc. was used as the language by the computers.

(vi) Reliability-: These computers were more reliable because the transistor had more life than tubes.

(vii) Power consumption-: Transistor consumed less power, generated less heat than tubes.

(viii) Cost -: These computers are less expensive for the product.

(ix) New computer applications-: New computers are used for management as well as for commercial us. The management information system was introduced in their generation.

Examples-: IBM 1620 series, IBM 700 series, IBM 7094 I, IBM 7094 II, PDP1, PDP3, PDP5, PDP8, ALTAS, LEO, PDP(Programmed Data Processor).

second generation of computer | Advantage and Disadvantages of second generation computers
second generation of computer | Advantage and Disadvantages of second generation computers

Advantages of second-generation computers-:

  • Faster than the previous generation system.
  • More reliable, easier to program than the previous generation system.
  • Smaller than the previous generation system.
  • Better portability
  • It did not produce much heat.
  • It used good peripheral devices like card readers and printer etc.
Disadvantages of second-generation computers-:
  • Only used for specific purposes.
  • Punch cards were used for input.
  • commercial production was still difficult and costly.
  • it needed a cooling system.
  • It didn't  have any operating system and used assembly languages





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